The Ultimate List of Mental Health Conditions and the Best ESAs for Them

Emotional Support Animals (ESAs) are like furry little lifelines (or big fluffy ones). They can keep us company and offer unconditional love and support in the darkest of times. But like anything in life, our own unique preferences, needs, and lifestyles matter. Not every animal will fit every person.  

This guide dives into 20-plus common mental health conditions and suggests an ESA that might match. We cover temperament, exercise, and care needs to give you an idea of how they might blend into your day and help manage specific symptoms. Read on to learn which animal might offer the kind of comfort, support, and stability you need. 

What is an Emotional Support Animal (ESA)?

An ESA is a pet that can help reduce anxiety, depression, and other mental health symptoms. They’re not like service animals who have specific training, they’re just emotional support. They don’t have the same legal rights as service animals, who can go into shops or planes without question. Instead, they’re meant for comfort and companionship, happily offering their affections whenever needed. 

Legally, however, they are guaranteed to be able to move wherever you go in the U.S. with a certified ESA letter, even in pet-restricted housing. You can find out how to get an Emotional Support Animal through Pettable, with our licensed mental health professional’s help. 

How ESAs Can Support Mental Health Conditions

ESAs help in different ways — it depends on the breed and your unique situation. Many ESAs help by simply keeping company, offering affection, and sharing unconditional love. On top of that, the routine you develop to care for them creates a greater sense of security and engagement in your day. It might be through regular bedtimes, feedings, or daily playtime and physical activity. The stability that comes from routine and expectations being met can help balance the uncertainty from anxiety. 

Beyond routine, engaging with your ESA can help with feelings of loneliness and isolation. For dog owners, it also helps with small talk with other dog owners, and more outdoor activity. In general, though, just bonding with a loving animal can increase feel-good brain chemicals and reduce stress. Science supports this too: ESAs are well documented to help with emotional and physical health. 

If you’re wondering, “Do I qualify for an ESA?” you can set an appointment to speak with a Pettable mental health professional to find out. If you already have a dog, for example, you can also find out how to make your dog an ESA. 

20+ List of Mental Health Conditions and Ideal ESA Breeds

While everyone experiences a mental health condition differently, these are a few of the common characteristics — along with an animal that might help. 

1. Anxiety

Over 30% of American adults experience an anxiety disorder at some point in their lives. It’s more than just feeling anxious or nervous now and then, which is normal (kind of like how you might feel before speaking in public or taking a big test). A disorder means the worry sits and stays with you, even when there isn’t a threat present. It can make daily tasks harder, like making decisions, performing at work, or even falling asleep. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
  • This pup can feel like an emotional sponge. They somehow have the ability to take it all in while radiating their calm back to you. They’re usually happy to snuggle up close, go with the flow, and get at least an hour of activity a day.
• Cat: Ragdoll
  • These cats sometimes look like floppy stuffed animals — that’s how relaxed they tend to be. They can melt in your arms like butter and just want to curl up by your side, any time of the day. Their calming vibes can melt your worries away. 

2. Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)

Less than half of the people suffering from GAD get treatment — whether that’s because of access or something else. It’s anxiety that doesn’t seem to go away, keeping you caught in worst-case scenarios spiraling and what-if loops. Females are also twice as likely to be affected as males, and it usually comes with major depression, too. That means having a calm, stable, and supportive presence can be even more appreciated. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Golden Retriever
  • Golden Retrievers are one of the friendliest breeds and can be the emotional equivalent of a weighted blanket. They have a calm, steady presence that grounds you to the moment and their large presence can help you feel safe. They’re happy to calmly walk outdoors, needing about an hour or two total.  
• Cat: Maine Coon
  • These are the gentle giants in the cat world. They’re big, fluffy, and incredibly affectionate — without being overly needy. They’re happy to stay by your side with a calm demeanor, ready to offer fluffy hugs when needed. 

3. Social Anxiety Disorder

Social anxiety disorder isn’t just about being shy; it’s an intense fear of social situations. Even simple things like ordering coffee or making a phone call can feel overwhelming. There’s a massive fear of being judged or embarrassed, coming from perfectionism and self-esteem issues. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Havanese
  • These friendly dogs have a gentle nature and are happy to accompany you in social situations. They have a charm that spreads, making a short walk in the dog park a great way to practice some exposure therapy since they don’t need much exercise. 
• Dog: French Bulldog
  • Low-maintenance and calm, these dogs offer steady companionship and comfort. They also don’t need as much exercise as other breeds, which can relieve some stress around taking them out often. 

4. Panic Disorder

Panic disorders come with random, sudden, and intense panic attacks. You might start feeling your heart beating faster, breath getting shorter, and mind spinning to try and stop it all. Having an animal by your side that catches on quickly and gives you a nudge to calm you down is key. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Labrador Retriever
  • Similar to Golden Retrievers in maintenance, Labs are also loyal, loving, and intuitive. They’re known to stay by their humans and offer a calming presence during moments of stress.
• Dog: Pugs
  • Low maintenance and steady, these dogs can be more relaxed than other breeds. Their low energy and loving nature can ground you when you feel unstable. 

5. Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)

You’re about to leave the house, but you can’t stop checking the door lock — again and again. You’re not sure why, but you don’t feel safe to leave until you’ve done everything as meticulously as possible. The overwhelming need to do something in a certain way can take over. Thoughts and actions go on repeat, getting in the way of life. That’s why an animal that can give you a more balanced structure or gentle reminder and distraction can be so helpful. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Border Collie
  • They’re intelligent and thrive on structure and routine. Being super active makes them want plenty of physical and mental stimulation, with hours a day spent outdoors playing, walking, and running. They can create a predictable routine, just be sure you can commit to giving them 2-3 hours of exercise a day — otherwise, they can get bored which turns into anxiety. 
• Cat: Siamese
  • These beautiful felines are sensitive to change and love a routine. They’re great for companionship and cuddles, and offer a stable presence, making them well-suited to a calming, predictable day. 

6. Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder (OCPD)

Unlike OCD, which is about intrusive, uncontrollable thoughts that lead to repetitive behaviors, OCPD is more about perfectionism. The need to control everything and do absolutely everything perfectly makes spontaneity and flexibility feel impossible. An ESA offers routine and emotional comfort, easing some anxiety and the stress of having everything “just right”. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Australian Shepherd
  • This intelligent breed thrives on structure, along with mental and physical engagement. The time needed to dedicate to them can offer focus, and a comforting sense of order in the routine they need, which includes hours a day of exercise. They’re ranch dogs, so a few hours of running and moving daily is key. 
• Cat: Russian Blue
  • These cats are famous for their chill demeanor and are wonderfully low-maintenance. Like all cats, they crave attention and affection, but they aren’t chaotic. Plus, they’re great with routine. 

7. Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

PTSD is a combination of symptoms that stem from a traumatic event. It might present as intense anxiety, nightmares, jumpiness, insomnia, and more. A calm animal that can sense shifting moods can offer a sense of safety and ground you in the hardest of moments. 

Best ESA

• Dog: German Shepherd
  • German Shepherds tend to have a protective and loyal nature, making them a good match for comfort during tough moments. They’re good at sensing emotional changes and offering reassurance. Like other active dogs, they love long walks and need at least 1.5 hrs of exercise a day. 
• Dog: Labrador Retriever
  • Since PTSD comes with anxious thoughts and behaviors, Labs work well. They can have incredible empathy and are comfortable being by your side during panic attacks or anxious moments. 

8. Chronic Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (C-PTSD)

C-PTSD stems from prolonged exposure to trauma, like living in an abusive household or war zone. It can come with similar symptoms, like emotional numbness, a sense of hopelessness, or difficulty trusting others. Developing a bond with an animal that’s always nearby has the power to reduce anxiety and receive comfort from a safe source during tough moments. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Golden Retriever
  • They’re known for being empathetic and non-judgemental, making them a great match for building trust and confidence. With about 1-2 hours of exercise daily, they can help with routine, physical activity, and getting outdoors more. 
• Cat: Ragdoll
  • If you prefer felines, one that’s laid back and affectionate might suit you best. They’re gentle and often seek out attention, giving companionship and cuddles when needed. 

9. Depression

Along with anxiety, depression is one of the most common mental health issues facing most of the world today. Anything and everything can feel overwhelming, and whatever once held your interest now feels draining. It’s easy to get lost in bed and TV shows, making an animal that keeps you active and engaged essentially. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Labrador Retriever
  • These emotionally intelligent pups are incredibly friendly. They’ll wag their tail when you walk into a room and look at you like you’re the best person in the whole wide world. They can be a great friend and companion that entertains you on walks, gives you the exercise you need, and grounds you at home with comfort. 
• Cat: Persian
  • Another calm and affectionate feline that can offer quiet companionship. They tend to have a soft, comforting presence that doesn’t require much work — but they’re there for you, through thick and thin. 

10. Major Depressive Disorder (MDD)

MDD comes with an intense sense of hopelessness or despair that won’t go away. It drains your energy, making an animal that’s intuitive, friendly, and happy to stay by your side a good fit. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Newfoundland Retriever
  • These are incredibly big dogs that are basically like big bears — but ready to lay by your side and cuddle on demand. They’re loyal, affectionate, and love calm walks, which is great for a gentle push to move your body daily.
• Dog: Cocker Spaniel
  • Fluffy and sweet, these dogs are great at sensing mood changes. They offer emotional support when needed, plus a playful energy to engage and motivate you. 

11. Dysthymia (Persistent Depressive Disorder)

Dysthymia is a type of chronic depression that hangs around. It might be slightly less intense than MDD, but it stays with you. Days with low energy and little motivation linger, which is why a supportive ESA that keeps you company and in a routine can be so helpful. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Shetland Sheepdog
  • Shelties are calm but alert, and they thrive on giving emotional support. They can sense sadness, but offer structure without too much maintenance. 
• Cat: Scottish Fold
  • These kitties are low-maintenance, chill, and comforting. They’re affectionate and offer quiet companionship throughout the day, without needing much in return.  

12. Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)

Different types of ADHD come with different symptoms, like difficulty focusing, hyperactivity, or impulsivity. Feeling restless, anxious, or overwhelmed is common, so an ESA that has an energy level to balance you out can be incredibly helpful.

Best ESA

• Dog: Jack Russell Terrier
  • If you have a lot of energy to burn and need a routine, these dogs love to run, play, and stay active by your side. 
• Cat: Bengal Cat
  • These intelligent cats are independent but incredibly loving, and often silly. They love attention and to be mentally engaged, so they can help you channel your energy without overwhelming you. 

13. Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

ASD is a developmental condition with symptoms that vary widely per person. For many, external stimuli can easily be overwhelming, like noise and light. For others, communication might be difficult, with nuance and social cues feeling hard to understand. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Labradoodle
  • These pups have a friendly nature and are gentle and easy to train. They can be calm and comforting but are also open to following their human’s needs
• Dog: Golden Retriever
  • For more social help, Golden Retrievers are happy to be around others, both humans and dogs. They have a gentle demeanor and can read emotions well, responding with a comforting touch when needed. 

14. Anorexia

This eating disorder comes with a distorted body image and overly restrictive eating habits. It can come with anxiety, depression, OCD, and PTSD. An animal that offers a comforting distraction and routine can offer stability and grounding.

Best ESA

• Dog: Cavalier King Charles Spaniel
  • They’re gentle, intuitive, and emotionally sensitive. Great for giving support while offering a stable routine. 
• Cat: Ragdoll
  • These laid-back giant cats are great for cuddles, helping to calm anxious or depressive thoughts. 

15. Binge Eating Disorder (BED)

BED is all about restricting food, and then binging. It’s a cycle of wanting to “do better” and “eat perfectly”, but then stress hits and food becomes an emotional release. Like all eating disorders, it stems from harsh negative self-talk, perfectionism, and low self-esteem. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Beagle
  • Beagles are friendly, playful, and very loyal. You know they’ll stay by your side, and they’re happy to distract you when needed.
• Cat: American Shorthair
  • Cats with easy-going personalities can offer comfort without overwhelm. They’re independent, but they still love affection and playtime. They can help take your mind off things and feel comforted and soothed as you cuddle together. 

16. Bulimia

Bulimia has similarities to BED, but binges are followed by purges. Those purges can be vomiting or excessive exercise. Negative self-talk and feeling out of control is intense, so an animal that offers stability and never-ending love can offer a sense of grounding and comfort. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Basset Hound
  • These dogs have an incredibly gentle demeanor, great for turning to when stressed and anxious. Plus, they love affection and their slow and relaxed pace can bring ease to anxiety. 
• Cat: British Shorthair
  • British Shorthairs are calm and low-maintenance. They’re happy to cuddle and stay by your side and are ready to offer comfort when you’re in the lowest of lows. 

17. Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD)

BPD can come with intense mood swings and a pervasive fear of abandonment. Naturally, maintaining stable relationships becomes difficult, so a pet can offer much-needed stable companionship. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Boxer
  • They’re loyal and affectionate, which makes them great company for anyone struggling with stability and emotions. They can sense emotions and give comfort or even a playful distraction when needed. 
• Cat: Maine Coon
  • This breed is known for being patient and easy-going. They can also form very strong bonds with their humans, and be of great comfort in tense moments. 

18. Schizophrenia

Why schizophrenia happens is still a bit of a mystery, but it can cause intense symptoms. That includes delusions, hallucinations, and trouble organizing thoughts.  

Best ESA

• Dog: Poodle
  • Poodles are highly trainable, so they can offer structure through routines. They’re emotionally intelligent and ready to share their calming presence when feelings are getting intense. 
• Cat: Ragdoll
  • Ragdolls are one of the calmer cat breeds, and they don’t mind being carried around and cuddled at any hour of the day. Their soothing presence alone can help release some of the anxiety and intensity felt. 

19. Phobias

There are many different types of phobias, but they all have one thing in common: an intense and illogical fear of a situation, object, or activity. For example, the inability to step into an elevator for fear it will break. Since avoidance is common, a pet that gently nudges you to take action and move forward can be incredibly helpful. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Chihuahua
  • They might be tiny, but they can also be fierce. They’re loyal and loving, making them a companion that you can take anywhere who won’t leave your side in stressful situations. 
• Cat: British Shorthair
  • These non-demanding cats offer their soothing presence and companionship but are ok if you need your space, too. They can help you feel less alone and comfort you when stressed with gentle cuddles and love. 

20. Substance Use Disorder (SUD)

Addictions can develop to almost anything, but for substances in particular alcohol, drugs, and prescription meds are the most common. The need to use is overwhelming, but it's often followed by intense guilt and shame. An animal that gives you unconditional love, reminding you of your worth, can help on the path to recovery. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Beagle
  • This is a friendly breed that can motivate you to keep to a routine and offer compassionate affection when you’re feeling down. 
• Dog: Greyhound
  • These dogs are wonderfully gentle and calm. They’re often misunderstood, thanks to their shy demeanor and impressive appearance. However, they’re very stable animals that are happy to stay by your side, reminding you of gentleness and love. 

21. Insomnia

The more you try to sleep and can’t, the worse it gets. The tension and pressure around needing to sleep leads to a feedback loop that has you wide awake and stressed most nights. A calming ESA that is happy to sleep by your side so you can hear their breath and feel a stable, physical presence near you might be just what you need on tense nights. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Shih Tzu
  • This tiny fur ball is ready to cuddle on demand. They tend to have a calm demeanor around their human — just note that they don’t do so well on their own for long periods. They’re a companion dog that always wants to be nearby. 
• Cat: Sphynx
  • These hairless breeds might look strange at first, but their personalities are full of fluff. They love to cuddle and give affection, plus they go where the warmth is so sleeping together is a plus (otherwise, they’ll need a heated mat).

22. Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD)

Our moods can change with the seasons, but for some, the impact is stronger than for others. The winter in particular, with its cold nights and fewer hours of sun, can leave many feeling sluggish and trigger depressive symptoms. During those months, an ESA can offer even more comfort than usual.

Best ESA

• Dog: Basset Hound
  • This relaxed, laid-back dog can keep you in a routine and prevent you from sitting at home all winter. They’re happy to walk but they’ll be okay with an hour or so daily, so you can still get cozy time at home together. 
• Cat: British Shorthair
  • These cats are quiet but affectionate, and happy to cuddle all winter long. They have a peaceful nature and will sleep on your lap and vibrate their calming vibes to you.

23. Bipolar Disorder

People with bipolar disorder can shift from moments of super high energy (mania) to deep lows (depression). The changes can come on rather suddenly and impact the ability to work well or even maintain a stable relationship. An ESA that can detect these changes and offer stability throughout can offer a grounding presence to soothe the difficult moments. 

Best ESA

• Dog: Siberian Husky
  • If you’re looking for a high-energy dog to stay active with, the husky is for you. They need hours of exercise a day and plenty of mental stimulation, which might also help to get you out of the house even when in a depressive state. Otherwise, they get quite anxious and develop “destructive behaviors” — which is code for; they aren’t getting their physical, mental, and emotional needs met — just like what can happen with humans. 
• Dog: Bichon Frise
  • This fluffy little dog can be intensely cheerful and active, but not as demanding as a husky or Border Collie in terms of exercise. About an hour a day for them is enough, and they’re happy to play at home and cuddle on their human’s lap. 

How to Choose the Right ESA for Your Mental Health Needs

There are important factors to consider before choosing your ESA. How exactly will they fit into your home life and routine? Here’s what to think about:

• Space: How big is the breed you want and do you have the space for them? Large breeds need more space to feel comfortable. 

• Exercise: Certain breeds need more activity than others. In particular, the Border Collie, Siberian Husky, Jack Russell Terrier, Golden/Labrador Retriever, and Australian Shepherd need several hours a day. Lower-energy dogs that need less include the Pug, Chihuahua, Shih Tzu, and Cocker Spaniel. Cats, on the other hand, need at least 30 minutes of moderate exercise a day, which can be spread out over the day, just like dogs. 

• Trainability: Not every dog takes commands well. Some breeds that are easier to train include Poodles, Border Collies, and Golden Retrievers. Others might need more patience, or be simply for companionship with regular reinforcement. 

• Temperament: Each breed, and even each animal, has their own unique personality. Some breeds are naturally higher-energy and may be prone to separation anxiety, while others are calmer and more sedentary. Persian and Russian Blue Cats, for example, tend to be more chill than Bengals, who need lots of physical and mental stimulation.

• Care requirements: Grooming needs are very different depending on the breed. Poodles need plenty of upkeep when it comes to their fur, while a Beagle will need less work. Some breeds also have more health issues, like larger dogs as they age. Cats also tend to be less expensive than dogs and get fewer vet visits (but that’s also because they hide their symptoms better). No matter what animal you get, a yearly vet visit is absolutely essential.  

• Compatibility: You might love a certain breed, but that doesn’t mean they suit your lifestyle or emotional needs. For example, a high-energy dog could end up overwhelming you and demand time and energy you don’t have. If possible, try fostering first and see how they fit into your life. 

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

What types of animals can be ESAs?

Almost any animal can be an ESA. The most common are dogs, cats, and rabbits. 

Are there specific ESA certifications required?

Yes, there are ESA certification requirements. You need a valid letter from a licensed mental health professional stating your need for an ESA, along with other essential information included.

Can I have multiple ESAs for different conditions?

Yes, but your ESA letter has to refer to each animal specifically. 

What’s the difference between ESAs and service animals?

Service animals are trained for specific tasks, like detecting a panic attack or guiding a visually impaired person. ESAs are more about emotional support and companionship — they don’t need any specific training. 

Where are ESAs allowed with their owners?

With a legitimate ESA letter, ESAs are allowed to live with their owners in any type of housing in the U.S. — even those with no pets allowed rules. 

Final Thoughts

Choosing the best animals for emotional support really depends on your unique needs. While certain breeds might technically seem better suited for a certain condition, in the end, an animal you connect with that fits your lifestyle is what’s best. See if you can volunteer at animal shelters to get a feel for different types of dogs and cats — you never know, a furry soul you never would have considered might touch you deeply and become an integral part of your life.